Lactase is a crucial digestive enzyme responsible for breaking down the milk sugar lactose. Ideally, lactase should be produced in the small intestines. However, if little or no lactase is produced, or if production is impaired, undigested lactose moves into the colon, leading to fermentation and the production of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and organic acids. This often results in symptoms such as cramps, wind, and diarrhea.
While lactose intolerance is not life-threatening, it can significantly impact one's quality of life, causing discomfort and inconvenience. While eliminating milk-based products is one solution, it can be impractical and result in a highly restricted diet.